Feed distributor for gyratory crushers



. l0, 1940. E. B. sYMoNs FEED DISTRIBUTOR FOR GYRATORY CRUSHERS FiledFeb. 1o, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet l Sept. l0, 1940. E. a. sYMoNs FEEDDISTRIBUTOR FOR GYRATORY CRUSHERS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 10, 1938Patented Sept. 10, 1940 meer PATENT OFFICE FEEDA DISTRIBUTOR FORGYRATORY CRUSHERS Edgar B. Symons, Hollywood, Calif., assignor toNordberg Manufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of Wisoonsin Application February 1o, 193s, serial No. 189,713

9 claims. (Cisa-i0) My invention relates to an improvement in feedingdevices for gyratory Crushers and has for one purpose the provision ofmeans for mixing the coarse and fine feed whereby there will besubstantially no segregation of coarse and fine particles.

Another purpose is the provision of means for distributing the feedsubstantially uniformly about the crushing cavity.

Other purposes will appear from time to time in the course of thespecification and claims.

I illustrate my invention more or less diagrammatically in theaccompanying drawings wherein:

Figure 1 is a vertical axial section through the device;

Figure 2 is a side elevation through the feed distributing structure;

Figure 3 is a plan View of the structure shown in Figure 2; and

Figure 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Figure 2.

Like parts are indicated by like symbols throughout the specificationand the drawings.

Referring tothe drawings, I is any suitable member upon which thecrusher is supported. 2 indicates the circumferentially extending mainframe of the crusher herein shown as terminating at its upper edge in anoutwardly extending V flange 3. 4 is an upper frame or ring resting uponthe ange 3 and apertured as at 5 to conform generally thereto in shape.6 is an upper and I a lower spring abutment ring. Compressedtherebetween are a plurality of coil springs 8. 9 are adjustable limitmembers or bolts extendingthrough the rings 6 or 'I and the flange Il.`IU are guides which are shown as having heads positioned above theflange 3 and body portions II extending downwardly through the flange 3and the upper ring 6 and into the springs 8.

The ring 4 is shown as having a screwthreaded inner face I2 in mesh withthe screwthreaded outer wall I3 of the bowl structure generallyindicated as I4 to which the bowl liner or concave I5 may be secured, asby the hookshaped lugs I 6, U-bolts I'I, nuts I8 and shims I9. 20indicates a downwardly converging wall associated with the portions I3and I4.

2| is a spider structure extending to the fixed eccentric sleeve 22which has an outwardly flared portion 23 upon which is mounted thebearing member 24 having the upwardly concave bearing plate 25, itsupward concavity being generally spherical'and described about a centerpoint X. 55v 26 indicates a crushing head havinga downwardly concavebearing. portion 2'I opposedto the spherical bearing 25. 28 is any'suitable? mantle mounted upon the head 26 and opposed to the bowl linerI5. l

29 is the crushing shaft, the upper portlon 29a of which is positionedwithin and secured to the head 26'. Its lower portion extendsdownwardlywithinthe eccentric Sil-which has Vanv inner eccentric aperture 3|conforming generally to the r'shaft 29. 'Iheeccentric 36 is rotatablymounted within the eccentric sleeve 22 and may be rotated therein as bythe gear` 34 inmesh with a pinion 32 on a shaft 33 which may be rotatedin any suitable manner from a power source not herein shown. It will beunderstood that in response tothe rotation of the eccentric 3U the head26 is gyrated upon the bearing 25.

35 generally indicates a feed distributing structure which includes atop plate 36 having aperipheral downwardly extending flange 31 scre'wf`threaded as at 38 and in mesh with the outwardly screw-threaded ring 39,which is secured.. to the head 26 as by .screws 46. 4I is an inclinedface opposed to and generallyy conforming tothe x upper 'edge of themantle 2B whereby when the plate 36 isl properly seated the mantlevisalso held in position and thrust downwardly against y the outer conicface of the head 26. g d

Upwardly extending from the plateA 36 are shown radial upwardly Landoutwardly extending y at members or plates 42 herein shown as integralwith the top plate 36. Mounted on the inner Y edges of these plates 42is a conic downwardly and inwardly inclined member 43 which may receivea removable conic spout 44. Extending: about the outer edges of theupper portions of the members- 42 is a second conic member 45.Positioned upon the upper edges of the members 42 is a surroundingspacing member or sleeve 46 with a top portion 41 which supports adownwardly and inwardly extending member 48 with-r a como removable weartaking member 49 posi'- tioned therewithin. The member 46 may be securedto the members 42 as by any suitable lugs 5U, 5I, with securing bolts52. 53 is atransverse support mounted for example on vertical members 54extending upwardly from the frame 4 and secured to it in any suitableway. I may all 20 provide any suitable adjustment, for example theA Nscrew-threaded portions 55 of the members 54 with nuts 56 on which restsleeves 51 `secured to the member 53. 58 is a centrally located feed- Itwill be realized that whereas I have vdescribed and shown a practicaland operative device, nevertheless many changes may be made in the size,shape, number and disposition of parts without departing from the spiritof my invention. I therefore wish my description and drawings to betaken as in a broad sense illustrative or diagrammatic rather than aslimiting me to my precise showing.

It will be understood that for example with reference to Figure 1,instead of the two members 43 and 48 but a single one may be employedunder some circumstances, preferably of somewhat greater height inrelation to its width than either of the two members 43 and 48 as shown.

The use and operation of my invention are as follows: l The material tobe fed is delivered downwardly through the normally fixed spout 58 byany suitable means which do not of themselves form part of the presentinvention. The parts are so proportione'd that when the eccentric 30 isrotated and the head is gyrated, the members 44 and 49 also gyrate. Theyare located above the center X. The gyratory excursion, however, is ofsuch length in relation to the dimensions of the memstantially mixedtogether and are delivered from b er 58 that the cylindrical spout 58 isat all times centered above the upper edge of the upper conic spout 49whereby all the material fed to the .crusher passes downwardly throughthe conic member 49. When the material is fed down along a conveyor itfrequently happens that the ne and the coarse particles segregate.Therefore, the stream of particles as it is delivered downwardly throughthe chute 58 may bef substantially segregated with the nes going downone side of the chute and with the coarsedown the other.

The effect of the gyration of the member 49 is to cause a lateralmovement of the particles whereby the ne and the coarse particles aresubthe lower edge of the member 49 in a substantially uniformly mingledcondition. This uniformly mingled feed is thereby delivered to the upperportion of the lower conic spout 44. At minimum feed the Volume sodelivered will be sufficient to pass entirely downwardly through themember 44 and into the spaces between the members 4| and downwardly uponthe upper surface of the plate 36. Not only is the feed uniform in itsmixture of fine and coarse, but it is also uniformly distributed throughthe four openings or spaces between adjacent members 42 and is outwardlydirected or iiows along the face 36 and passes over the lip of themember 31 and` downwardly into the crushing cavity dei-ined by themembers l5 and 28. Where there is excess feed someparticles Will flowover the upper edge of the member 44 and will then fall downwardlyagainst the memupon the stream of particles passing outwardly over themember 36.

In any case, few if any particles can escape directly to the crushingcavity without first striking .':f or passing over the member 36. Thisis important since in the type of crusher herein shown an excessgravital acceleration of the particles is to be avoided and the machineis designed to crush `particles which start to fall downwardly into the"crushing cavity from about the level of the top of the plate 36. Thusnot even the overflow of the spout 44 can drop directly into thecrushing zone but is directed by the member 45 inwardly as well asdownwardly and in anv case the entire feed is directed upon the top ofthe head or upon the plate 3B before passing over the edge of the member31 into the crushing cavity.

A primary advantage of my device is the mixing of the fine and coarseparticles' as they are delivered downwardly into the machine. There issufficient gyration of the members 49 and 44 to effect this mixing andto cause an even delivery of the material so mixed throughout theperiphery of the member 31. In actual crushing, an

f even mixture of ne and coarse particles delivered to the crushing zonehas a great effect upon the shape of the particles crushed. If a certainproportion of the voids between the coarser particles are filled withfine particles, the particles discharged from the Crusher are more cubicin shape. This is a desirable pointin mining practice as well as inquarry practice. v

As a further result, the proportion of undesired nes or particles belowa predetermined size is greatly reduced.

A further important advantage to be obtained from the mixing of ne andcoarse particles and also from the even distribution of the feed aroundthe periphery of the crushing cavity is the evening up of the powerapplied in running the Crusher, with an elimination of surges and asaving on gear teeth wear and on the general wear of the machine itself.When surging takes place due to uneven feed, especially with lightloads, the centrifugal force exerts itself where the load is lightestwith the effect that the distance between the head and the cone ismaterially reduced and an excessive amount of extremely ne material isdischarged from the machine. In instances where a product relativelyfree from. fines is desired, such a result may be disastrous.

It is important that the members 43 and 48 and especially the member 43have open interiors in order that the particles which are impacted bythe spouts as the head is gyrated may travel freely throughout theinterior of the spouts. Since a major purpose of my invention is tocause the normal gyration of the head to create a homogeneous mixture ofparticles of mixed sizes, any obstruction within the interior of thespouts is undesirable. Hence my employment of the open and generallytubular or slightly conic member 49 andthe open truncated hollow cone44. The supporting members 42 are so located that they are not contactedby the falling particles until after the mixture has been completed bythe lateral blows delivered by the members 49 against the fallingparticles and by the additional mixing effect of the lateral movement ofthe member 44.

I claim:

1. In a gyratory Crusher, in combination with a crushing head and meansfor gyrating it, a normally fixed feed spout positioned above said head,a feed distributing member mounted on and gyrating with said crushinghead, and including a gyrating spout mounted on said head, said spoutbeing coaxial with the axis of the head, the upper edge of said spoutbeing located adjacent the lower edge of said fixed spout and being ofsulcient diameter to maintain a constant vertical alinement with saidfixed spout at all positions of the head, 'said spout having an openinterior, and an additional downwardly converging spout located belowand in axial alinement with said first mentioned gyrating spout andhaving a discharge edge spaced upwardly from said crushing head, theupper aperture of said additional spout being of sufficiently largediameter to receive substantially all of the particles delivered pastthe lower edge of the upper spout.

2. In a gyratory crusher, a crushing head, means for delivering materialto a zone above the top of said head, an open spout, the interior ofwhich is unobstructed from top to bottom thereof, vertically alined withsaid Zone, mounted on and gyrating with said head, said spout beingcoaxial with the axis of the'head, said spout being adapted to receiveand surround the particles falling from said zone toward said head, andmeans for gyrating said spout, through an excursion of sufficientamplitude to cause said spout to strike laterally against a substantialproportion of the falling particles, prior to their contact with thehead, said head having a laterally extending feed receiving portionunderlying and extending outwardly beyond the discharge edge of saidspout.

3. In a gyratory crusher, a crushing head, means for delivering materialto a zone above the top of said head, an open spout, vertically alinedwith said zone, mounted on and gyrating with said head, said spout beingcoaxial with the axis of the head, said spout being adapted to receiveand surround the particles falling from said Zone toward said head,meansfor gyrating said spout through an excursion of sufficientamplitude to cause said spout to strike laterally against a substantialproportion of the falling particles, prior to their contact with thehead, said head having a laterally extending feed receiving portionunderlying and extending outwardly beyond the discharge ledge of saidspout, and an additional conic spout mounted on said head and alinedwith the open bottom of said spout, the lower edge of said conic spoutbeing upwardly spaced from the top of the head, whereby the particlesdelivered from the spout to the conic spout are fed to the top of saidhead, the upper aperture of said lower spout being of greater diameterthan the lower aperture of said upper spout.

4. In a gyratory crusher, a crushing head, means for delivering materialto a Zone above the top of said head, an open spout, vertically alinedwith said zone, mounted on and gyrating with said head, said spout beingcoaxial with the axis of the head, said spout being adapted to receiveand surround the particles falling from said zone toward said head,means for gyrating said spout through an excursion of sufficientamplitude to cause said spout to strike laterally against a substantialproportion of the falling particles, prior to their Contact with thehead, said head having a laterally extending feed receiving portionunderlying and extending outwardly beyond the discharge edge of saidspout, an additional conic spout mounted on said head and alined withthe open bottom of said spout, the lower edge of said conic spout beingupwardly spaced from the top of the head, whereby the particlesdelivered from the spout to the conic spout are fed to the top of saidhead, the upper aperture of said lower spout being of greater diameterthan the lower aperture of said upper spout, and a generally conic guardsurrounding said additional spout and located at substantially the samehorizontal plane and outwardly spaced therefrom and adapted to deliverparticles to the top of said head.

5. In a gyratory crusher, in combination with a crushing head and meansfor gyrating it, a feed distributing means, including an upper spout anda lower spout, each suchfspout having openings at top and bottom; theaxes of' said spouts coinciding with 4the axis of said head, said spoutsbeing mounted on and moving unitarily with said head, the interiors ofsaid spouts being unobstructed from` top to bottom, ythe diameter of thelower aperture of the upper spout being not greater than the diameter ofthe upper aperture of the lower spout, the head having a laterallyextending feed receiving portion underlying and extending outwardlybeyond the discharge edge of the lower aperture of the lower spout.

6. In a gyratory crusher, in combination with a crushing head and meansfor gyrating it, a feed distributing means, including an upper spout anda lower spout, each such spout having openings at top and bottom, theaxes of said spouts coinciding with the axis of said head, said spoutsbeing mounted on and moving unitarily with said head, the interiors ofsaid spouts being unobstructed from top to bottom, the diameter of thelower aperture of the upper spout being not greater than the diameter ofthe upper aperture of the lower spout, the head having a laterallyextending feed receiving portion underlying and extending outwardlybeyond the discharge edge of the lower apert e of the lower spout, saidspouts being general y conic, the lower aperture of each spout being ofless diameter than its upper aperture.

7. In a gyratory crusher, in combination with a crushing head and meansfor gyrating it, a feed distributing means, including an upper spout anda lower spout, each such spout having openings at top and bottom, theaxes of said spouts coinciding with the axis of said head, said spoutsbeing mounted on and moving unitarily with said head, the interiors ofsaid spouts being unobstructed from top to bottom, the diameter of thelower aperture of the upper spout being not greater than the diameter ofthe upper aperture of the lower spout, the head having a laterallyextending feed receiving portion underlying and extending outwardlybeyond the discharge edge of the lower aperture of the lower spout, andan additional deflector member surrounding said lower spout and spacedradially outwardly therefrom.

8. In a gyratory crusher, in combination with a crushing head and meansfor gyrating it, a feed distributing means, including an upper spout anda lower spout, each such spout having openings at top and bottom, theaxes of said spouts coinciding with the axis of said head, said spoutsbeing mounted on and moving unitarily with said head, the interiors ofsaid spouts being unobstructed from top` to bottom, the diameter of thelower aperture ofthe upper spout being not greater than the diameter ofthe upper aperture of the lower spout, the head having a laterallyextending feed receiving portion underlying and extending outwardlybeyond the discharge edge of the lower aperture of the lower spout, anda supporting connection for said spouts, including a plurality ofgenerally radial members upwardly extending from the crushing head.

9. In a gyratory crusher, in combination with a crushing head and meansfor gyrating it, a feed distributing means, including an upper spout anda lower spout, each such spout having openings at top and bottom, theaxes of said spouts coinciding with the axis of said head, said spoutsbeing mounted on and moving unitarily with said head, the interiors ofsaid spouts being unobstructed from top to bottom, the diameter of thelower aperture of the upper spout being not upper aperture greater thanthe diameter of the of the lower aperture of the lower spout, the axisof the head being inclined, the center of gyration of the head beinglocated above the top of the head but below the lowest of said spouts.

EDGAR B. SYMONS.

